church fathers: commentary

Maximus is venerated in both Eastern Christianity and Western Christianity. His many works—including The Confessions, which is often called the first Western autobiography—have been read continuously since his lifetime. 345) was a Syriac-Christian author of the 3rd century from the Adiabene region of Northern Mesopotamia, which was within the Persian Empire, who composed a series of twenty-three expositions or homilies on points of Christian doctrine and practice. The Catholic Church regards him as a Doctor of the Church, often referred to as the Doctor of the Assumption because of his writings on the Assumption of Mary. Early Church Fathers. Homilies on the Epistles to the Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Thessalonians, Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, Volume XIV. [8] He wrote commentaries on all the books of the Bible. He was later anathematised and some of his writings condemned as heretical. And we are His witnesses to these things, and so also is the Holy Spirit whom God has given to those who obey Him.” Apologetic; II. [24][25], Chrysostom is known within Christianity chiefly as a preacher and theologian, particularly in the Eastern Orthodox Church; he is the patron saint of orators in the Roman Catholic Church. Socrates: Church History from A.D. 305-438; Sozomenus: Church History from A.D. 323-425, Volume III. He wrote that human beings are like little fish. Cyril of Jerusalem, Gregory Nazianzen, Volume VIII. The Seven Ecumenical Councils. The Visigothic legislation which resulted from these councils is regarded by modern historians as exercising an important influence on the beginnings of representative government. En route to his martyrdom in Rome, Ignatius wrote a series of letters which have been preserved. St. John Henry Newman. Cyril's reputation within the Christian world has resulted in his titles "Pillar of Faith" and "Seal of all the Fathers". He took a concubine and became a Manichean. He relocated to Caesarea Maritima and died there[20] after being tortured during a persecution. He offered a new perspective on the theory of atonement. The Church also forbids the marriage of people of the same sex. In the Catholic Church, they are also collectively called the "Eight Doctors of the Church",[5] and in the Eastern Orthodox Church, three of them (Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus and John Chrysostom) are honored as the "Three Holy Hierarchs". Sulpitius Severus, Vincent of Lerins, John Cassian, Volume XII. [33] He was evidently a lawyer in Rome. [8] Like Origen, he arose from Catechetical School of Alexandria and was well versed in pagan literature.[8]. Ambrose[37] was an archbishop of Milan who became one of the most influential ecclesiastical figures of the 4th century. James Nisbet's Church Pulpit Commentary. These were works of practical theology for the edification of the church in troubled times. [32] He was born in Carthage, the son of a Roman centurion. ... From the Ante Nicean Fathers Volume 1, page 52) ii. Such an emphasis is even more pronounced in certain streams of Protestant thought, such as Paleo-Orthodoxy. He is remembered for his role in the conflict with Arianism and for his affirmation of the Trinity. Isidore of Seville (c. 560 – 636) was Archbishop of Seville for more than three decades and is considered, as the historian Montalembert put it in an oft-quoted phrase, "le dernier savant du monde ancien" ("the last scholar of the ancient world"). . We hope you enjoy these and they enrich your study! Chrysostom is also noted for eight of his sermons that played a considerable part in the history of Christian antisemitism, diatribes against Judaizers composed while a presbyter in Antioch, which were extensively exploited and misused by the Nazis in their ideological campaign against the Jews. [8] Polycarp is recognized as a saint in both the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. Abbess Macrina fostered the education and development of her three brothers Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa and Peter of Sebaste (c. 340 – 391) who became bishop of Sebaste. Those of the First Council of Nicaea and continuing through the Second Council of Nicea (787) are collected in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. In fact, its beginnings go back to the fourth century BCE when it was occupied by the Thracians. He may have been a bishop, and later Syriac tradition places him at the head of Mar Matti monastery near Mosul, in what is now northern Iraq. Fathers of the Second Century, Hermas, Tatian, Theophilus, Athenagoras, Clement of Alexandria, Volume III. They were a 4th-century monastic family, led by Macrina the Younger (324–379) to provide a central place for her brothers to study and meditate, and also to provide a peaceful shelter for their mother. Only here at Church Militant. He was sometimes referred to as the "Hammer of the Arians" (Latin: Malleus Arianorum) and the "Athanasius of the West"/ His name comes from the Latin word for happy or cheerful. This page contains Bible commentaries available from the fathers of the Coptic Orthodox Church in both English and Arabic: English – Fr. After his death (or according to some sources, during his life) he was given the Greek epithet chrysostomos, meaning "golden mouthed", rendered in English as Chrysostom. Irenaeus was bishop of Lugdunum in Gaul, which is now Lyon(s), France. Writings from the church fathers at www.goarch.com. The Archdiocese of Baltimore should match a Bolton Hill church's plan to provide $500,000 to help offset the lingering effects of slavery. And if you were looking for last week’s lesson (JSH 1:1-26) it’s here. 4 A time to weep, and a time to laugh; A time to mourn, and a time to dance. Volume II. Translated by John Patrick. He used the early church's symbol for fish—the Greek word for "fish" being ΙΧΘΥΣ which is an acronym for Ἰησοῦς Χριστός, Θεοῦ Υἱός, Σωτήρ (Jesus Christ, God's Son, Saviour)—to explain the meaning of baptism since fish are born in water. His feast day is celebrated twice during the year: on 21 January and on 13 August. The Orthodox view is that men do not have to agree on every detail, much less be infallible, to be considered Church Fathers. Called the Persian Sage (Syriac: ܚܟܝܡܐ ܦܪܣܝܐ‎, ḥakkîmâ p̄ārsāyā), Aphrahat witnesses to the concerns of the early church beyond the eastern boundaries of the Roman Empire. Pope Damasus I (305–384) was active in defending the Catholic Church against the threat of schisms. The Apostolic Fathers with Justin Martyr and Irenaeus. "[48] The Scots Confession of 1560 deals with general councils in its 20th chapter. The Fathers of the Third Century, Gregory Thaumaturgus; Dinoysius the Great; Julius Africanus; Anatolius and Minor Writers; Methodius; Arnobius, Volume VII. [8] He interpreted scripture allegorically and showed himself to be a stoic, a Neo-Pythagorean, and a Platonist. He was a notable early Christian apologist. The Didache Bible presents extensive commentaries, based on the Catechism of the Catholic Church, for each of the books of the Holy Bible. About the Author; [t]he bread is the flesh of Jesus, the cup his blood. [15] He was martyred, alongside some of his students, and is considered a saint by the Roman Catholic Church,[16] the Anglican Church,[17] the Eastern Orthodox Church,[18] and the Oriental Orthodox Churches. However, he gave up this life in the political sphere to enter into the monastic life. . He was a near contemporary to the slightly younger Ephrem the Syrian, but the latter lived within the sphere of the Roman Empire. The Psogos, along with the encomium, were both rhetorical techniques used in the ancient world in a polemical context. Athanasius of Alexandria (c. 293 – 373) was a theologian, Pope of Alexandria, and a noted Egyptian leader of the 4th century. Isaac of Nineveh was a 7th-century Syriac bishop and theologian best remembered for his written work. John Calvin's French Confession of Faith of 1559 states, "And we confess that which has been established by the ancient councils, and we detest all sects and heresies which were rejected by the holy doctors, such as St. Hilary, St. Athanasius, St. Ambrose and St. Basil: Letters and Select Works, Volume IX. [13] He is the second after Clement to mention Paul's epistles.[8]. Him God has exalted to His right hand to be Prince and Savior, to give repentance to Israel and forgiveness of sins. Autocephalous Churches who are officially part of the communion: John Chrysostom and the Jews: Rhetoric and Reality in the Late 4th Century, by Robert L. Wilken (University of California Press: Berkeley, 1983), p. 112. His Christological positions eventually resulted in his torture and exile, soon after which he died. Volume I. His Life of the Virgin is thought to be the earliest complete biography of Mary, the mother of Jesus. Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistle to the Romans, Volume XII. Evening News premiers Monday, Feb. 8 at 6:30 p.m. Even when a particular Protestant confessional formula does not mention the Nicene Council or its creed, its doctrine is nonetheless always asserted, as, for example, in the Presbyterian Westminster Confession of 1647. In his early life, Augustine read widely in Greco-Roman rhetoric and philosophy, including the works of Platonists such as Plotinus. He later converted to Christianity, became a bishop, and opposed heresies, such as Pelagianism. Catholicism. Many of the writings derive from the same time period and geographical location as other works of early Christian literature that did come to be part of the New Testament, and some of the writings found among the Apostolic Fathers' seem to have been just as highly regarded as some of the writings that became the New Testament. Augustine, a Latin Father and Doctor of the Church, is one of the most important figures in the development of Western Christianity. Lively Commentary on Church News from the Traditional Perspective. They argued that Christian faith, while it was against many of the ideas of Plato and Aristotle (and other Greek philosophers), was an almost scientific and distinctive movement with the healing of the soul of man and his union with God at its center. The ACCS is a postcritical revival of the early commentary tradition known as the glossa ordinaria, a text artfully elaborated with ancient and authoritative reflections and insights. For Origen, God was not Yahweh but the First Principle, and Christ, the Logos, was subordinate to him. Around A.D. 155, the Smyrnans of his town demanded Polycarp's execution as a Christian, and he died a martyr. He is especially beloved in the Syriac Orthodox Church and in the Church of the East. Commentary and discussion questions for Come Follow Me 1/11-1/17, D&C 2 and JSH 1:27-65. Indeed, all the later medieval history-writing of Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula, comprising modern Spain and Portugal) was based on his histories. have been carefully proofed and converted to ThML by CCEL staff and volunteers. Many of their, usually short, sayings are collected in the Apophthegmata Patrum ("Sayings of the Desert Fathers"). After converting to Christianity, he became a bishop and eventually died a martyr at Carthage. He wrote three books in Greek and was the first great writer of Latin Christianity, thus sometimes known as the "Father of the Latin Church". In addition to the Apostolic Fathers, famous Greek Fathers include: Justin Martyr, Irenaeus of Lyons, Clement of Alexandria, Athanasius of Alexandria, John Chrysostom, Cyril of Alexandria, the Cappadocian Fathers (Basil of Caesarea, Gregory Nazianzus, Gregory of Nyssa), Peter of Sebaste, Maximus the Confessor, and John of Damascus. Cyril. On the Feast of the Holy Family of Jesus, Mary and Joseph (the Sunday within the octave of Christmas) the Church meditates with profound reverence upon the holy life led in … Volume 4, Jeremiah to Malachi, 1803. The patriarch of Alexandria at first supported Origen but later expelled him for being ordained without the patriarch's permission. Using his knowledge of Hebrew, he produced a corrected Septuagint. His optional memorial in the Roman Catholic calendar of saints is 13 January. The Fathers of the Third Century, Tertullian Part IV; Minucius Felix; Commodian; Origen, Volume V.   The Fathers of the Third Century, Hippolytus; Cyprian; Caius; Novatian; Appendix, Volume VI. Gregory is a Doctor of the Church and one of the four great Latin Fathers of the Church (the others being Ambrose, Augustine, and Jerome). He was also a disciple of Polycarp. These scholars set out to demonstrate that Christians could hold their own in conversations with learned Greek-speaking intellectuals. The following is a list of Christian Church Fathers. [7] Their writings, though popular in Early Christianity, were ultimately not included in the canon of the New Testament once it reached its final form. Augustine was born in present-day Algeria to a Christian mother, Monica of Hippo. He was born in Persia around 270, but all his known works, the Demonstrations, come from later on in his life. He developed a Christian Platonism. For the book, see, Group of ancient and influential Christian theologians and writers. catena aurea commentary on the four gospels, collected out of the works of the fathers by s. thomas aquinas. In this office, Papias was presumably succeeded by Abercius of Hierapolis. ... (Gaebelein in his commentary on Acts) 2. Latin Christianity: Its Founder, Tertullian, Three Parts: I. In this electronic edition of the Early Church Fathers series, the volumes have been carefully proofed and converted to ThML by CCEL staff and volunteers. They survive in Syriac manuscripts and in Greek and Arabic translations. The options/possibilities for this John are John, the son of Zebedee, traditionally viewed as the author of the Gospel of John, or John the Presbyter. st. matthew oxford, john henry parker; j. g. f. and j. … (1b) Jesus describes Himself to the church at Ephesus. [21][22] Prior to this, he was not considered heretical. The first three, Clement, Ignatius and Polycarp, are considered the chief ones. Important topics addressed in these letters include ecclesiology, the sacraments, the role of bishops, and the Incarnation of Christ. Those fathers who wrote in Latin are called the Latin (Church) Fathers. The Fathers of the Third and Fourth Centuries, Lactantius, Venantius, Asterius, Victorinus, Dionysius, Apostolic Teaching and Constitutions, Homily, Liturgies, The Twelve Patriarchs, Excerpts and Epistles, The Clementia, Apocrypha, Decretals, Memoirs of Edessa and Syriac Documents, Remains of the First Ages, Volume IX. UCC News Digest is a weekly digest of news and commentary from throughout the United Church of Christ. So the Son was held to be like the Father but not of the same essence as the Father. Jerome's edition of the Bible, the Vulgate, is still an important text of Catholicism. Later in life, Tertullian joined the Montanists, a heretical sect that appealed to his rigorism. Among them are Paul of Thebes, Anthony the Great and Pachomius. [32] He is counted as one of the four original doctors of the Church. At the First Council of Nicaea (325), Athanasius argued against the Arian doctrine that Christ is of a distinct substance from the Father.[8]. The Cappadocians worked to bring these semi-Arians back to the Orthodox cause. Current Church policy does not permit contraception and homosexual behavior. From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. Origen, or Origen Adamantius (c. 185 – c. 254) was a scholar and theologian. Clearly he intends this realism to be taken strictly, for he makes it the basis of … When Rome fell and the faith of many Christians was shaken, Augustine wrote The City of God, in which he defended Christianity from pagan critics and developed the concept of the Church as a spiritual City of God, distinct from the material City of Man. In two Roman synods (368 and 369) he condemned the heresies of Apollinarianism and Macedonianism, and sent legates (papal representatives) to the First Council of Constantinople that was convoked in 381 to address these heresies. He also was a Christian apologist. Extracts, however, appear in a number of other writings, some of which cite a book number. [1][better source needed] The historical period during which they flourished is referred to by scholars as the Patristic Era, ending approximately around AD 700 (Byzantine Iconoclasm began in AD 726,[2] John of Damascus died in AD 749[3]). As late as the 14th century Ibn Khaldun mentions it as part of the New Testament. The early Church Fathers compared the observance of the Sabbath to the observance of the rite of circumcision, and from that they demonstrated that if the apostles abolished circumcision (Gal. A Map of Philippi and Surrounding Regions The City of Philippi and the Origin of the Church There The city of Philippi, as one can see from the map, is located in north eastern Greece (Macedonia).

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