where is cameroon located

[23] The League of Nations mandates were converted into United Nations Trusteeships in 1946, and the question of independence became a pressing issue in French Cameroun. [83] Fertility rate remain high in Cameroon with an average of 4.8 births per woman and an average mothers' age of 19.7 years old at first birth. Logging, largely handled by foreign-owned firms,[120] provides the government US$60 million a year in taxes (as of 1998[update]), and laws mandate the safe and sustainable exploitation of timber. In 1960, the French-administered part of Cameroon became independent as the Republic of Cameroun under President Ahmadou Ahidjo. Climate, religious, ethnic and cultural belief systems as well as influences from colonialism, imperialism and globalization are all reflected in the clothes worn by modern Cameroonians. The federation was abandoned in 1972. 33 Export beer is the official drink of the national soccer team and one of the most popular brands, joining Castel, Amstel Brewery, and Guinness. [57], Biya and his party have maintained control of the presidency and the National Assembly in national elections, which rivals contend were unfair. The northern portion of the territory was formally handed over to the Cameroonian government in August 2006, and the remainder of the peninsula was left to Cameroon 2 years later, in 2008. [85] Due to financial cuts in the health care system, there are few professionals. "1947: Decolonisation in the Shadow of the Cold War: the Case of French Cameroon. The labour was used on banana, rubber, palm oil, and cocoa plantations. Ngwane, George. Government-sponsored initiatives, dedicated to democratic reform, the competition for the Youth Exchange and Study scholarship is merit-based and open at no cost … [61], Freedom House ranks Cameroon as "not free" in terms of political rights and civil liberties. [22], France outlawed the pro-independence political party, the Union des Populations du Cameroun (UPC), on 13 July 1955. Among youths age 15–24 the literacy rate was 85.4% for males and 76.4% for females. The country is bounded by Nigeria to the north and west. Coffee is a major cash crop in the western highlands, and in the north, natural conditions favour crops such as cotton, groundnuts, and rice. [159] This culminated in the declaration of an independent Republic of Ambazonia,[160] which has since evolved into the Anglophone Crisis. The country has experienced tensions coming from the English-speaking territories. [177] Meat and fish are popular but expensive additions, with chicken often reserved for special occasions. The consular section shares location as well as telephone number and email address with the high commission. Cameroon, country lying at the junction of western and central Africa. [156][157] The government encourages bilingualism in English and French, and as such, official government documents, new legislation, ballots, among others, are written and provided in both languages. [165], In the northern regions, the locally dominant Fulani ethnic group is mostly Muslim, but the overall population is fairly evenly divided among Muslims, Christians, and followers of indigenous religious beliefs (called Kirdi ("pagan") by the Fulani). The primary opposition is the Social Democratic Front (SDF), based largely in the Anglophone region of the country and headed by John Fru Ndi. [74], The constitution divides Cameroon into 10 semi-autonomous regions, each under the administration of an elected Regional Council. However, Ahidjo remained in control of the CNU and tried to run the country from behind the scenes until Biya and his allies pressured him into resigning. [124] Rapids and waterfalls obstruct the southern rivers, but these sites offer opportunities for hydroelectric development and supply most of Cameroon's energy. [103] Equatorial rainforest dominates this region, although its alternation between wet and dry seasons makes it is less humid than the coast. 9 August 2012. 'The Language Situation in Cameroon', Current Issues in Language Planning, vol. Kingdoms, fondoms, and chiefdoms arose in the west. [60] In 2017, President Biya shut down the Internet in the English-speaking region for 94 days, at the cost of hampering five million people, including Silicon Mountain startups. Indeed, the United States Department of Labor Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor reported that 56% of children aged 5 to 14 were working children and that almost 53% of children aged 7 to 14 combined work and school. The President of Cameroon is elected and creates policy, administers government agencies, commands the armed forces, negotiates and ratifies treaties, and declares a state of emergency. [87], In 2012, the top three deadly diseases were HIV/AIDS, lower respiratory tract infection, and diarrheal diseases. Cameroon is home to over 250 native languages spoken by nearly 25 million people.[7][8][9]. On 25 July 2018, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein expressed deep concern about reports of violations and abuses in the English-speaking Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon. [127], Intercity bus services run by multiple private companies connect all major cities. [128] International airports are located in Douala and Yaoundé, with a third under construction in Maroua. [178] Dishes are often quite hot, spiced with salt, red pepper sauce, and Maggi. [51][52], Cameroon is viewed as rife with corruption at all levels of government. [166][167] Traditional dances are highly choreographed and separate men and women or forbid participation by one sex altogether. Neighbouring countries are: Central African Republic, Republic of the … The two countries attempted to establish a cease-fire in 1996, however, fighting continued for years. [118] Fishing employs 5,000 people and provides over 100,000 tons of seafood each year. A small number of Shuwa Arabs live near Lake Chad. Cameroon is a member of both the Commonwealth of Nations and La Francophonie. This is an arid region with sparse rainfall and high median temperatures. [127], In the first months of 2014, thousands of refugees fleeing the violence in the Central African Republic arrived in Cameroon.[152]. Buea (Bakweri: Gbea) is the capital of the Southwest Region of Cameroon.The town is located on the eastern slopes of Mount Cameroon and has a population of 300,000 (at the 2013 Census). Even though this is the most extreme southern point of Cameroon, it lies to the north of the equator. Green, RH (1969). The African country Cameroon is located in the western part of Central African Region. In a typical performance, a chorus of singers echoes a soloist. The Englishman Sir Richard Burton (1821–90) climbed its summit in 1861. [21], The British administered their territory from neighbouring Nigeria. The Republic of Cameroon is a west African country bordered by Chad to the northeast, the Central African Republic to the east, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south, and Nigeria to the west. The physical map above illustrates the country of Cameroon, from the low and marshy coastal area in the south to shores of Lake Chad in the extreme north. At 475,442 square kilometres (183,569 sq mi), Cameroon is the world's 53rd-largest country. [82] Life expectancy at birth is estimated to be 56 years in 2012, with 48 healthy life years expected. Cameroon is a country located in Central Africa in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres of the Earth. [49] The government has taken measures to encourage tourism in the country.[117]. In addition to the colonial languages, there are approximately 250 other languages spoken by nearly 20 million Cameroonians. "Southern Cameroons/Ambazonia Conflict: A Political Economy." The country is bounded by Nigeria to the north and west. However, Chadian Arabic in the Far North's Region's department of Logone-et-Chari acts as the lingua franca irrespective of ethnic groups. It is governed as a Unitary presidential republic. (in French) African Renaissance 15.Special Issue 1 (2018): 121-139. Theory & Event 23.2 (2020): 329-351. With a land mass of 475.000 km², Cameroon stretches from 2° to 13° latitude north and from 9° to 16° east of Greenwich ( at its widest point of 800 km ). [45] The conflict indirectly led to an upsurge in Boko Haram attacks, as the Cameroonian military largely withdrew from the north to focus on fighting the Ambazonian separatists.[46]. The talks involved President Paul Biya of Cameroon, then President Olusegun Obasanjo of Nigeria and then UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, and resulted in Cameroonian control of the oil-rich peninsula. [76], School attendance in Cameroon is also affected by child labour. [54] On 18 January 2006, Biya initiated an anti-corruption drive under the direction of the National Anti-Corruption Observatory. Both English and French are official languages, although French is by far the most understood language (more than 80%). "Cameroon: Music of a Small Continent". [142], Both monogamous and polygamous marriage are practised, and the average Cameroonian family is large and extended. Countries near Cameroon include Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and Congo. Large numbers of Cameroonians live as subsistence farmers. [188] Contemporary art is mainly promoted by independent cultural organizations (Doual'art, Africréa) and artist-run initiatives (Art Wash, Atelier Viking, ArtBakery). [186], Traditional arts and crafts are practiced throughout the country for commercial, decorative, and religious purposes. Cameroon’s official name is the Republic of Cameroon. [34] The boundary change triggered a local separatist insurgency, as many Bakassians refused to accept Cameroonian rule. [137] Population density is highest in the large urban centres, the western highlands, and the northeastern plain. The high commission of Cameroon in Abuja is located at Plot 469/470 Lobito Crescent, Wuse II - FCT and can be contacted by telephone on (9) 461 1355 as well as by email [email protected]. [105] Its characteristic vegetation is savanna scrub and grass. The script was given to them by Sultan Ibrahim Njoya in 1896,[18][19] and is taught in Cameroon by the Bamum Scripts and Archives Project. [69], In July 2019, UN ambassadors of 37 countries, including Cameroon, have signed a joint letter to the UNHRC defending China's treatment of Uyghurs in the Xinjiang region. [187] The high-quality clay of the western highlands is suitable for pottery and ceramics. [33], In June 2006, talks concerning a territorial dispute over the Bakassi peninsula were resolved. [80] In December 2014, a List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor issued by the Bureau of International Labor Affairs mentioned Cameroon among the countries that resorted to child labor in the production of cocoa. It was built on the estuary of the Wouri River. In the northern regions of the Far North Region, Cameroon, the North Region, Cameroon, and the Adamawa Region, the Fulani language Fulfulde is the lingua franca with French merely serving as an administrative language. [162][163], People from the North-West and South-West provinces, which used to be a part of British Cameroons, have the highest proportion of Protestants. [83], People from the overpopulated western highlands and the underdeveloped north are moving to the coastal plantation zone and urban centres for employment. Cameroon controls 12 nautical miles of the Atlantic Ocean. [81], The quality of health care is generally low. [161] Large cities have significant populations of both groups. [161] Muslims in Cameroon are divided into Sufis, Salafis,[162] Shias, and non-denominational Muslims. As of 2019[update], fighting between separatist guerillas and government forces continues. [24] This prompted a long guerrilla war waged by the UPC and the assassination of several of the party's leaders, including Ruben Um Nyobè, Félix-Roland Moumié and Ernest Ouandie. A large satellitic peak, Etinde (also known as Little Cameroon), is located on the southern flank near the coast. [39] Boko Haram launched several attacks into Cameroon, killing 84 civilians in a December 2014 raid, but suffering a heavy defeat in a raid in January 2015. As marked on the map, this region has the active volcano of Mt Cameroon, which at  4,070m is the highest point in West Africa.Â. [48] The judiciary is officially divided into tribunals, the court of appeal, and the supreme court. [75], In 2013, the total adult literacy rate of Cameroon was estimated to be 71.3%. Historical activity, the most frequent of west African volcanoes, was first observed in the 5th century BC by the Carthaginian navigator Hannon. The Logone flows northward into Lake Chad, which Cameroon shares with three neighbouring countries. [73], Same-sex sexual acts are banned by section 347-1 of the penal code with a penalty of from 6 months up to 5 years' imprisonment. The rest of Cameroon's energy comes from oil-powered thermal engines. [190] After World War II, writers such as Mongo Beti and Ferdinand Oyono analysed and criticised colonialism and rejected assimilation. Douala is located in Cameroon (Littoral) and time zone Africa/Douala. [47] All local government officials are employees of the central government's Ministry of Territorial Administration, from which local governments also get most of their budgets. [19] Germany began to establish roots in Cameroon in 1868 when the Woermann Company of Hamburg built a warehouse. [130] In the north, the Bénoué River is seasonally navigable from Garoua across into Nigeria. [1] More than 75% of Cameroon's industrial strength is located in Douala and Bonabéri. In 1997, Cameroon established anti-corruption bureaus in 29 ministries, but only 25% became operational,[53] and in 2012, Transparency International placed Cameroon at number 144 on a list of 176 countries ranked from least to most corrupt.

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